The central tool a SOC uses to gather and analyze security data — the NIST definition.
What it means
NIST defines a SIEM (Security Information and Event Management) tool as an "application that provides the ability to gather security data from information system components and present that data as actionable information via a single interface."
In practice, a SIEM collects logs and alerts from across an organization's systems so analysts can spot and investigate threats from one place.
Definitional only; not a product recommendation.